the growing old

sĕnĭum, ii, n. [seneo, II.].

Lit., the feebleness of age, decline, decay, debility (cf. senectus; class.): tardigemulo senio oppressum, Laev. ap. Gell. 19, 7, 3:

opus perfectum, quod omni morbo seniove careret,

Cic. Univ. 5 fin.; (with aegritudo) id. Tusc. 3, 12, 27; cf.:

senio debilis,

Phaedr. 3, epil. 16:

senio vel aliquā corporis labe insignes,

Suet. Aug. 38:

senio confectos gladiatores,

id. Calig. 26 fin.:

senium Galbae et juventa Othonis,

Tac. H. 1, 22:

principis,

id. ib. 2, 1:

curvata senio membra,

id. A. 1, 34:

fessus senio,

id. ib. 2, 42:

fluxa senio mens,

id. ib. 6, 38; cf.:

torpor mentis ac senium,

Sen. Ben. 7, 26, 4; Sil. 16, 14:

ita se ipse (mundus) consumptione et senio alebat sui,

by its own consumption and decay, Cic. Univ. 6:

lunae,

i. e. waning, Plin. 7, 48, 49, § 155:

lentae velut tabis,

Liv. 7, 22, 5:

senium repellere templis,

decay, Sil. 3, 20:

senium defendere famae,

the growing old, passing away, Stat. Th. 9, 318:

passus est leges istas situ atque senio emori,

Gell. 20, 1, 10.—

Transf.

Concr., an old man, old fellow (very rare; anteclass. as an epithet of abuse): senex ad aetatem refertur, senium ad convicium. Sic Lucilius ait: At quidem te senium atque insulse sophista, Don. ad Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 11. And on account of its personal signif. with a masc. pron.: ut illum di deaeque senium perdant, qui hodie me remoratus est, Ter. l. l. (cf. scortum, II. fin.).—Once in Silius, without an odious access. signif., for senex, Sil. 8, 467.—

(Effectus pro causā.) Peevishness, moroseness; vexation, chagrin, mortification; grief, trouble, affliction produced by decay (syn.: maeror, aegritudo, etc.; class.): mors amici subigit, quae mihi est senium multo acerrimum, Att. ap. Non. 2, 23:

hae res mihi dividiae et senio sunt,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 19; cf.:

id illi senio est,

id. Truc. 2, 5, 13: odio ac senio mihi nuptiae, Turp. ap. Non. 2, 33:

luget senatus, maeret equester ordo, tota civitas confecta senio est,

Cic. Mil. 8, 20:

senio et maerore consumptus,

Liv. 40, 54; Pers. 6, 16:

surge et inhumanae senium depone Camenae,

peevishness, moroseness, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 47; cf.:

triste morum,

Sen. Hippol. 917:

en pallor seniumque!

Pers. 1, 26.— Plur.: quot pestes, senia et jurgia emigrarunt, Titin. ap. Non. 2, 18.

de Or. 3, 38, 154, are doubtless corrupt; v. Orell. and Ellendt ad loc.

nātus, a, um, Part. and P. a., born. —Subst.: nātus, i, m., a son; v. nascor fin.

nātus, ūs (used only in abl. sing.), m. [nascor], lit. birth; hence, *

Of plants, a growing, growth:

cupressus natu morosa,

slow of growth, Plin. 16, 33, 60, § 139.—

With esp. reference to age, birth, age, years (the class. signif. of the word):

non admodum grandis natu,

not very old, Cic. Sen. 4, 10:

tantus natu,

so old, Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 16:

grandior natu,

id. Aul. 2, 1, 37:

P. Scaptius de plebe magno natu,

an old man, Liv. 3, 71, 3:

homo magno natu,

id. 10, 38, 6:

magno natu principes,

id. 21, 34, 2:

dicitur matrem Pausaniae vixisse eamque jam magno natu,

Nep. Paus. 5, 3; id. Dat. 7, 1; id. Tim. 3, 1:

qui fuit major natu, quam Plautus,

older, Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 3:

cum ille Q. Scaevolam sibi minorem natu generum praetulisset,

id. Brut. 26, 101:

est tibi frater pari nobilitate, natu major,

Tac. H. 1, 15:

audivi ex majoribus natu hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasicā,

Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:

ex iis (filiis) duo natu majores,

Vell. 1, 10, 3:

minorem natu, quam ipse erat, fratrem,

Sen. ad Polyb. 15, 5:

frater major natu,

Liv. 3, 13, 2:

id meā minime refert qui sum natu maximus,

Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 27:

praeter Philippum maximum natu ex filiis,

Liv. 45, 6, 9: qui maximus natu esset ex liberis ejus. Nep. Ages. 1, 3:

ita enim maximus ex iis in concilio respondit,

the oldest, Liv. 21, 19 med.:

filius non maximus natu,

Tac. G. 32:

ex his omnibus natu minimus, Q. Saturius est,

the youngest, Cic. Clu. 38, 107:

maximo natu filius, for maximus natu,

his eldest son, Nep. Dat. 7, 1.

ădŭlescens (only ădŏl- in the verb and part. proper), entis ( gen. plur. usu. adulescentium, e. g. Cic. Tusc. 5, 27 al.:

adulescentum,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 130).

P. a., growing up, not yet come to full growth, young:

eodem ut jure uti senem liceat, quo jure sum usus adulescentior, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 3: uti adulescentior aetati concederet, etc.,

Sall. H. 1, 11 (Fragm. ap. Prisc. 902).— Trop., of the new Academic philosophy:

adulescentior Academia,

Cic. Fam. 9, 8, 1.— Sup. and adv. not used.—

Subst. comm. gen., one who has not yet attained maturity, a youth, a young man; a young woman, a maiden (between the puer and juvenis, from the 15th or 17th until past the 30th year, often even until near the 40th; but the same person is often called in one place adulescens, and in another juvenis, e. g. Cic. Fam. 2, 1, with Att. 2, 12; cf. id. Top. 7; often the adulescentia passes beyond the period of manhood, even to senectus; while in other cases adulescentia is limited to 25 years, Cic. Tusc. 2, 1, 2 Goer.: “Primo gradu usque ad annum XV. pueros dictos, quod sint puri, i. e. impubes. Secundo ad XXX. annum ab adolescendo sic nominatos,” Varr. ap. Censor. cap. 14. “Tertia (aetas) adulescentia ad gignendum adulta, quae porrigitur (ab anno XIV.) usque ad vigesimum octavum annum,” Isid. Orig. 11, 2, 4. Thus Cicero, in de Or. 2, 2, calls Crassus adulescens, though he was 34 years old; in id. Phil. 2, 44, Brutus and Cassius, when in their 40th year, are called adulescentes; and in id. ib. 46, Cicero calls himself, at the time of his consulship, i. e. in his 44th year, adulescens; cf. Manut. ap. Cic. Fam. 2, 1, p. 146):

tute me ut fateare faciam esse adulescentem moribus,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 67:

bonus adulescens,

Ter. And. 4, 7, 4:

adulescentes bonā indole praediti,

Cic. Sen. 8, 26:

adulescens luxu perditus,

Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 42:

adulescens perditus et dissolutus,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 25; Vulg. Gen. 34, 19; ib. Matt. 19, 20.—Homo and adulescens are often used together:

amanti homini adulescenti,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 94; Ter. Phorm. 5, 9, 53; Cic. Fam. 2, 15:

hoc se labore durant homines adulescentes,

Caes. B. G. 6, 28; Sall. C. 38; id. J. 6; Liv. 2, 6.— Fem.:

optimae adulescenti facere injuriam,

Ter. And. 3, 2, 8:

Africani filia adulescens,

Cic. Div. 1, 18 fin. The young Romans who attended the proconsuls and propraetors in the provinces were sometimes called adulescentes (commonly contubernales), Caes. B. C. 1, 23; 1, 51. Sometimes adulescens serves to distinguish the younger of two persons of the same name:

Brutus adulescens,

Caes. B. G. 7, 87: P. Crassus adulescens, id. ib. 1, 52, and 3, 7:

L. Caesar adulescens,

id. B. C. 1, 8.

ā̆prīcus, a, um, adj. [qs. contr. from apericus, from aperio, Doed. Syn. III. p. 170; for the long i, cf. antīcus, postīcus; acc. t oothers, kindr. with old Germ. ābar; mid. Germ. aeber, = dry, warm], orig., lying open, uncovered, or, acc. to the second etymol., warm:

Qui tulit aprico frigida castra Lare,

under the open heaven, Prop. 5, 10, 18, where Müller reads e parvo. —Hence, with esp. ref. to the warmth of the sun, exposed to the sun or to the warmth of the sun, open to the sun, sunny.

A.. Of places (class. in prose and poetry):

loci... opaci an aprici,

Cic. Part. Or. 10 fin.:

hortus,

id. Fam. 16, 18 (perh. not elsewhere in Cic.):

colles,

Liv. 21, 37:

campus,

Hor. C. 1, 8, 3; id. A. P. 162:

rura,

id. C. 3, 18, 2:

agger,

id. S. 1, 8, 15 et saep.—

Subst.: ā̆prīcum, i, n., a sunny spot, place.

Lit.:

buxus amat aprica,

Plin. 16, 16, 28, § 71:

aprica Alpium,

id. 21, 7, 20, § 43.—And

:

in apricum proferre,

to bring to light, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 24 (= in apertum, Cruq.).—

Poet., of other objects exposed to the sun, delighting or growing in the sunshine:

arbor,

Ov. M. 4, 331:

mergi,

basking in the sun, Verg. A. 5, 128:

flores,

Hor. C. 1, 26, 7:

senes,

Pers. 5, 179 al. —

Transf.

Clear, pure (only in Col.):

caeli status,

Col. 11, 3, 27:

apricissimus dies,

id. 9, 14, 13.—

Coming from the sunny quarter, i.e. from the south:

flatus,

the south wind, Col. 1, 5, 8 — Comp., Col. 11, 3, 24.— Adv. not used. [p. 145]

ā̆prīcus, a, um, adj. [qs. contr. from apericus, from aperio, Doed. Syn. III. p. 170; for the long i, cf. antīcus, postīcus; acc. t oothers, kindr. with old Germ. ābar; mid. Germ. aeber, = dry, warm], orig., lying open, uncovered, or, acc. to the second etymol., warm:

Qui tulit aprico frigida castra Lare,

under the open heaven, Prop. 5, 10, 18, where Müller reads e parvo. —Hence, with esp. ref. to the warmth of the sun, exposed to the sun or to the warmth of the sun, open to the sun, sunny.

A.. Of places (class. in prose and poetry):

loci... opaci an aprici,

Cic. Part. Or. 10 fin.:

hortus,

id. Fam. 16, 18 (perh. not elsewhere in Cic.):

colles,

Liv. 21, 37:

campus,

Hor. C. 1, 8, 3; id. A. P. 162:

rura,

id. C. 3, 18, 2:

agger,

id. S. 1, 8, 15 et saep.—

Subst.: ā̆prīcum, i, n., a sunny spot, place.

Lit.:

buxus amat aprica,

Plin. 16, 16, 28, § 71:

aprica Alpium,

id. 21, 7, 20, § 43.—And

:

in apricum proferre,

to bring to light, Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 24 (= in apertum, Cruq.).—

Poet., of other objects exposed to the sun, delighting or growing in the sunshine:

arbor,

Ov. M. 4, 331:

mergi,

basking in the sun, Verg. A. 5, 128:

flores,

Hor. C. 1, 26, 7:

senes,

Pers. 5, 179 al. —

Transf.

Clear, pure (only in Col.):

caeli status,

Col. 11, 3, 27:

apricissimus dies,

id. 9, 14, 13.—

Coming from the sunny quarter, i.e. from the south:

flatus,

the south wind, Col. 1, 5, 8 — Comp., Col. 11, 3, 24.— Adv. not used. [p. 145]

sērus, a, um, adj. [cf. series; Sanscr. sărat, thread; that which is long drawn out], late (freq. and class.; cf.: tardus, lentus): nescis quid vesper serus vehat (the title of a work by Varro), Varr. ap. Gell. 1, 22, 4; 13, 11, 1:

sero a vespere,

Ov. M. 4, 415:

serā nocte,

Liv. 1, 57, 9; Col. 1 praef.; Prop. 1, 3, 10; Val. Fl. 7, 400:

crepuscula,

Ov. M. 1, 219:

lux,

id. ib. 15, 651:

dies,

Tac. H. 3, 82 (cf. infra, B.):

hiems,

Liv. 32, 28, 6:

anni,

i. e. ripe years, age, Ov. M. 6, 29; 9, 434; id. F. 5, 63; cf.

aetas,

id. A. A. 1, 65; Plaut. Aul. 4, 1, 4:

gratulatio,

Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 1:

portenta deūm Tarda et sera nimis, id. poët. Div. 2, 30, 64: nepotes,

Ov. M. 6, 138:

posteritas,

id. P. 1, 4, 24: sera eruditio, quam Graeci opsimathian appellant, Gell. 11, 7, 3; cf. poet., of persons, with gen.: o seri studiorum! ye late-learned, opsimatheis (i. e. backward, ignorant), Hor. S. 1, 10, 21 (v. infra, b. a): ulmus, late - or slowly-growing (acc. to others, old), Verg. G. 4, 144; so,

ficus,

late in bearing, Col. 5, 10, 10; cf. serotinus, and v. the foll. under sup.—Comp. (rare; not in Cic. or Cæs.; cf. adv. infra fin.):

serior mors (opp. maturior),

Cels. 2, 6 med.:

senectus,

Mart. 5, 6, 3:

spe omnium serius bellum,

Liv. 2, 3, 1:

serior putatio,

Col. 4, 23, 1; 2, 10, 15.— Poet., for posterior:

serior aetas,

Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 7; Tib. 1, 4, 33:

hora,

Ov. H. 19, 14.— Sup.:

successores quam serissimi,

Vell. 2, 131, 2:

serissima omnium (pirorum) Amerina, etc.,

ripening the latest, Plin. 15, 15, 16, § 55; cf. supra.—

Poet.

For the adv. sero, of one who does any thing late:

serus in caelum redeas,

Hor. C. 1, 2, 45:

serus Graecis admovit acumina chartis,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 161:

jusserit ad se Maecenas serum sub lumina prima venire Convivam,

late in the day, id. S. 2, 7, 33:

nec nisi serus abi,

Ov. A. A. 2, 224:

poena tamen tacitis sera venit pedibus,

Tib. 1, 10, 3:

(me) Arguit incepto serum accessisse labori,

Ov. M. 13, 297.—So with things as subjects:

sera rubens accendit lumina Vesper,

Verg. G. 1, 251:

imposita est sero tandem manus ultima bello,

Ov. M. 13, 403:

seros pedes assumere,

id. ib. 15, 384:

Cantaber serā domitus catenā,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 22:

serum ut veniamus ad amnem Phasidos,

Val. Fl. 4, 708.—With gen.:

o seri studiorum!

Hor. S. 1, 10, 21 (v. supra); so,

belli serus,

Sil. 3, 255.—With inf.:

cur serus versare boves et plaustra Bootes?

Prop. 3, 5 (4, 4), 35.—

For adverb. use of sera and serum, v. adv. infra.—

Substt. ‡

sēra, ae, f. (sc. hora), a late hour, the evening hour, hespera, sera, vespra, crepusculum, Gloss. Vet.—

sērum, i, n., late time, late hour (of the day or night; first in Liv.;

esp. in the historians): serum erat diei,

Liv. 7, 8, 4:

quia serum diei fuerit,

id. 26, 3, 1:

jamque sero diei subducit ex acie legionem,

Tac. A. 2, 21 fin.:

extrahebatur in quam maxime serum diei certamen,

Liv. 10, 28, 2 Drak. N. cr.:

in serum noctis convivium productum,

id. 33, 48; cf.: ad serum [p. 1682] usque diem, Tac. H. 3, 82.— Absol., in Sueton., of a late hour of the day:

in serum dimicatione protractā,

Suet. Aug. 17; id. Ner. 22:

in serum usque patente cubiculo,

id. Oth. 11.—

Pregn., too late (class.):

ut magis exoptatae Kalendae Januariae quam serae esse videantur,

Cic. Phil. 5, 1:

neque rectae voluntati serum est tempus ullum, etc.,

Quint. 12, 1, 31:

tempus cavendi,

Sen. Thyest. 487: bellum, Sall. Fragm. ap. Philarg. Verg. G. 4, 144:

Antiates serum auxilium post proelium venerant,

Liv. 3, 5 fin.; 31, 24:

auxilia,

Val. Fl. 3, 562:

improbum consilium serum, ut debuit, fuit: et jam profectus Virginius erat, etc.,

Liv. 3, 46 fin.:

redit Alcidae jam sera cupido,

Val. Fl. 4, 247:

seras conditiones pacis tentare,

Suet. Aug. 17:

cum tandem ex somno surrexissent, in quod serum erat, aliquot horas remis in naves collocandis absumpserunt,

which was too late, Liv. 33, 48, 8:

hoc serum est,

Mart. 8, 44, 1; and with a subj.-clause:

dum deliberamus, quando incipiendum sit, incipere jam serum est,

Quint. 12, 6, 3; so,

serum est, advocare iis rebus affectum, etc.,

id. 4, 2, 115.—

Poet. for the adverb (cf. supra, I. b. a):

tum decuit metuisse tuis: nunc sera querelis Haud justis assurgis,

too late, Verg. A. 10, 94:

ad possessa venis praeceptaque gaudia serus,

Ov. H. 17, 107:

Herculeas jam serus opes spretique vocabis Arma viri,

Val. Fl. 3, 713:

serā ope vincere fata Nititur,

Ov. M. 2, 617:

auxilia ciere,

Val. Fl. 3, 562.—Hence, adv., in three forms.

sēră, late ( poet. and very rare):

sera comans Narcissus,

late in flowering, Verg. G. 4, 122.—

sērum, late at night ( poet. and very rare):

quae nocte sedens serum canit,

Verg. A. 12, 864.—

sērō̆.

(Acc. to I.) Late.

Late, at a late hour of the day or night (rare but class.):

eo die Lentulus venit sero,

Cic. Att. 7, 21, 1 (cf. infra, B.):

domum sero redire,

id. Fam. 7, 22.—

Late, at a late period of time, in gen. (freq. and class.):

res rustica sic est: si unam rem sero feceris omnia opera sero facies,

Cato, R. R. 5, 7; Cic. Brut. 10, 39; Quint. 6, 3, 103:

doctores artis sero repertos,

id. 2, 17, 7; 2, 5, 3.— Comp.:

modo surgis Eoo Temperius caelo, modo serius incidis undis,

Ov. M. 4, 198; Liv. 31, 11, 10:

serius, quam ratio postulat,

Quint. 2, 1, 1:

scripsi ad Pompeium serius quam oportuit,

Cic. Fam. 14, 10; 15, 1, 4; id. Sest. 31, 67; Liv. 37, 45, 18; 42, 28, 1:

itaque serius aliquanto notatus et cognitus (numerus),

Cic. Or. 56, 186:

serius egressus vestigia vidit in alto Pulvere,

Ov. M. 4, 105:

ipse salutabo decimā vel serius horā,

Mart. 1, 109, 9: omnium Versatur urna serius ocius Sors exitura, later or earlier (or, as we say, inverting the order, sooner or later), Hor. C. 2, 3, 26; so,

serius aut citius sedem properamus ad unam,

Ov. M. 10, 33:

serius ei triumphandi causa fuit, ne, etc.,

Liv. 39, 6, 4; 38, 27, 4:

in acutis morbis serius aeger alendus est,

Cels. 3, 2.— Sup.:

ut quam serissime ejus profectio cognosceretur,

Caes. B. C. 3, 75 (Scaliger ex conj.); so,

legi pira Tarentina,

Plin. 15, 17, 18, § 61 (al. serissima).—

(Acc to II.) Too late (freq. and class.):

abi stultus, sero post tempus venis,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 90:

idem, quando illaec occasio periit, post sero cupit,

id. Aul. 2, 2, 71; id. Am. 2, 2, 34; id. Men. 5, 6, 31; id. Pers. 5, 1, 16 (Opp. temperi); id. Trin. 2, 4, 14; 2, 4, 167; 4, 2, 147; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 103; id. Ad. 2, 4, 8. (Scipio) factus est consul bis:

primum ante tempus: iterum sibi suo tempore, rei publicae paene sero,

Cic. Lael. 3, 11; id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 3, § 9:

sero resistimus ei, quem per annos decem aluimus contra nos,

id. Att. 7, 5, 5; id. Verr. 2, 5, 63, § 164 et saep.:

ne nimis sero ad extrema veniamus,

far too late, id. Phil. 2, 19, 47; Liv. 21, 3, 5.—Hence, in a double sense, alluding to the signif. A. a.:

cum interrogaret (accusator), quo tempore Clodius occisus esset? respondit (Milo), Sero,

Quint. 6, 3, 49.—Prov.: sero sapiunt Phryges, are wise too late, are troubled with after-wit; v. sapio.— Comp., in the same sense:

possumus audire aliquid, an serius venimus?

Cic. Rep. 1, 13, 20:

ad quae (mysteria) biduo serius veneram,

id. de Or. 3, 20, 75:

doleo me in vitam paulo serius tamquam in viam ingressum,

id. Brut. 96, 330: erit verendum mihi, ne non hoc potius omnes boni serius a me, quam quisquam crudelius factum esse dicat, id. Cat. 1, 2, 5:

serius a terrā provectae naves,

Caes. B. C. 3, 8; Suet. Tib. 52.

Mēlo, ōnis, m., old Latin name for the Nile: Melo nomine alio Nilus vocatur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 124 Müll.; cf. id. p. 7 and p. 18; Serv. Verg. G. 4, 291:

Melonis alba filia,

i. e. the paper-reed growing in the Nile, Aus. Epist. 4, 75.

mēlo, ōnis, m., = mêlon, an apple-shaped melon, for melopepo, Pall. 4, 9, 6; Vop. Carin. 17.

Mēlo, ōnis, m., old Latin name for the Nile: Melo nomine alio Nilus vocatur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 124 Müll.; cf. id. p. 7 and p. 18; Serv. Verg. G. 4, 291:

Melonis alba filia,

i. e. the paper-reed growing in the Nile, Aus. Epist. 4, 75.

mēlo, ōnis, m., = mêlon, an apple-shaped melon, for melopepo, Pall. 4, 9, 6; Vop. Carin. 17.